Criteria A

3D Design and Modeling- Inquiry and Analyzing

Father of Printing

Johannes Gensfleisch zur Laden zum Gutenberg  also known as Johann Gutenberg, was a German blacksmith, goldsmith, printer, and publisher who introduced printing to Europe. he was born in the year 1398 and died on 1468 in Mainz, Germany. Johannes Gutenberg, around 1450 Johannes Gutenberg is known as the father of modern printing. because he invented single movable type metals for printing. till that time metals were used to print. but was not movable.He printed a Bible with this movable letters. which is known as Gutenberg's Bible. 

Impact and Non-Impact printers

Impact Printers

Non- Impact Printers

Evolution of Printers

Dot matrix Printer

It was invented by Robert Howard in 1970, it is a type of printer that makes characters and illustrations by striking pins against an ink ribbon to print closely spaced dots. The advantages if dot matrix printing is that Can print on multi-part forms or carbon copies, Low printing cost an it can be used on continuous form paper, useful for data logging. The advantages are that it can be noisy, the printing quality is bad and it has a low printing speed. 

• http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/d/dotmatri.htm
• http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/D/dot_matrix_printer.html
• http://nclarion.weebly.com/advantage-and-disadvantage-of-dot-matrix-printer.html

Daisy wheel Printer

It was invented in 1969 by David S. Lee. The printer uses a metal or plastic disk consisting each of the letters, numbers, and other characters it supports. When something is printed, the printer rotates the disk to each character and then using a hammer strike each character into an ink ribbon to produce the character on paper. The advantages are the final print copy looks like it's been typed on a high quality typewriter and the print quality is high. The disadvantages are that they are noisy, slow and you must change the ribbon quite often.

• http://www.computerhope.com/jargon/d/daisy-wheel-printer.html
• http://ceratuck.jimdo.com/2012/06/15/daisy-wheel-printer-advantages-and-disadvantages/

Inkjet Printer
A type of printer that when ionized ink is sprayed at a sheet of paper. Magnetized plates in the ink's path direct the ink onto the paper in the desired shapes. it was invented by the company Siemens in 1977. The advantages are that it is one of the lowest cost products on the market, the size is suitable for offices and desk etc, it doesn't take long to print. The disadvantages are that ink cartridges are high in cost, the printing process is slower than laser and after printing you have to wit for the ink to dry for a little while.

• http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/I/ink_jet_printer.html
• http://www.castleink.com/category/73/Inkjet-Printers-A-History-Lesson.html?language=en
• https://industrialinkjetprinter.wordpress.com/2012/12/03/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-inkjet-printers/

Laser printer


It was invented by Gary Starkweather in 1969. It uses  a laser beam to produce an image on a drum. The light of the laser alters the electrical charge on the drum wherever it hits. the advantages are that it doesn't require ant ink cartridges, they are cheaper to operate and they supply waterproof printing. The disadvantages are that i is bulky, expensive to purchase and the toner is expensive.

• http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/L/laser_printer.html
• http://www.wikihow.com/Understand-the-Advantages-of-Laser-Printers

Thermal Printer

It is a printer that uses heat to transfer characters in to paper. There are two kinds of thermal printers an they are direct thermal and thermal wax transfer. It was invented by Jack S. Kilby in 1965. The advantages are that they don't have any problems while printing even if the ink ribbon wrinkles and the Direct Thermal Printers don’t need capacity for ribbons. The disadvantages are that the printing speed tends to be slower and the labels cannot resist wit the sun's exposure. 

• http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/T/thermal_printer.html
• http://www.nndb.com/people/041/000027957/

3D Printing

What is 3D printing?

3D Printing is a process where 3 dimensional shapes are produced from a digital file. The production of a 3D printed object is achieved when the 'additive process' utilized. In the additive process by laying down layers of materials until the entire object is created.

http://3dprinting.com/what-is-3d-printing/

How does it work?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G0EJmBoLq-g

Technology behind 3D printing?

Chemicals are used and then it turns into a solid when a UV laser id shone on to it. The laser moves across the layer of liquid and it it draws the required design. Once the first layer is finished the resulting solid is lowered to allow a second thin layer of liquid to be deposited on its surface. The laser is then used to outline the design. More and more layers are built up until the final product is finished.

http://www.physics.org/article-questions.asp?id=120

Who would use 3D Printing?

• Architects
• Medical industry: Bio - printing
• Fashion Industry 

Where Could use Find 3D printers? 

3D printers are found in Medical labs and vehicle companies.

Design Situation

I am a student at Emirates International School, Dubai. As part of MYP design in term 1 we are using a software called Tinker Cad, which helps design 3D objects. In the first lesson we were . Computer Aided Design has evolved as a unique way of creating 2D and 3D Objects. It is used to create precision drawings or technical illustrations. As part of the MYP Project I have decided to design an closet or cupboard in 3D which can help designers rectify issues with previous designs. A CAD system is a combination of hardware and software that enables engineers and architects to design everything from furniture to airplanes. In addition to the software, CAD systems require a high-quality graphics monitor; a mouse, light pen, or digitizing tablet for drawing; and a special printer or plotter for printing design specifications. I have chosen this design because people are not very organized, when organizing it is hard to sort clothes. I want the customers to organizing at ease. The most important unique feature are the compartments or sections for clothes, shoes and accessories.

Design Brief

The design is a cupboard or closet. it has many features like shoe racks and accessory holder and my storage and organizers and makeup storage. it is very unique and different from other cupboards and closets. The shoe rack is great especially if you are a person who is very organized. The cupboard is made of wood in real life and the mirror comes in handy as well.

TinkerCAD Tutorials

TinkerCAD Objects